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Ingredient file // Vitamin or mineral

Cobalt Proteinate

A cobalt supplement without a proven dog benefit

Cobalt proteinate is cobalt bound to amino acids or protein fragments and added through a mineral premix. It supplies cobalt, but dogs need vitamin B12 itself. No dog study shows that this form of cobalt improves health.

What it is
A trace mineral ingredient made by binding cobalt from a soluble salt to amino acids or protein fragments.
Made from
Cobalt salt and protein fragments
Main job
Adds cobalt to a premix
Typical amount
Not published
Watch for
It does not replace vitamin B12
Not the same as
Vitamin B12 supplement

Our read // In our catalog

In 1 of every 63 foods we track

Share of foods that list it

2%

41 of the 2,595 foods with an ingredient list on file, from 8 brands. 39 wet dog food, 2 dry dog food.

Each square is 1% of the catalog

Where it sits on the label

Median position 29. In the top five of 0 foods, so it is usually a minor ingredient.

Top five List position, heaviest first

Above the salt

0%

Usually listed after the salt, which caps it at roughly 1% of the recipe in 100% of foods.

Price per lb

Foods with it $3.64
All foods $3.23

Median of the cheapest bag price across 5 priced foods, 13% above the catalog. The price is the food's, not the ingredient's.

Who leans on it

32%

of the foods that list it are from Nulo. 8 brands use it in total.

What it is

How it is made

Mineral suppliers make proteinates for feed manufacturers that use bound forms of trace minerals. They combine a soluble cobalt salt with amino acids or protein fragments and supply the concentrate for premixes.6,8

  1. 01 // Source Cobalt salt A soluble cobalt salt supplies the mineral in the finished proteinate.
  2. 02 // Process Bind to protein The cobalt is bound to amino acids or partially broken down protein.
  3. 03 // Process Pack concentrate A commercial product is packed in bags for feed manufacturers, not sold as finished feed.
  4. 04 // Output Cobalt proteinate The concentrated ingredient is measured into a mineral premix before the finished food is made.

What is in it

Composition, dry matter

10.5

% cobalt

Cobalt by dry weight in one listed product. This describes the concentrated ingredient, not the amount in finished dog food.

Cobalt 10.5%7
Crude protein 30%7
Ash 15%7

These figures describe one listed concentrate, not a standard formula for every supplier. Its protein is part of the mineral ingredient; the small amount used in food is not a meaningful protein source.7,8

Why it is in the bag

What the manufacturer gets

  1. 01

    Supplies measured cobalt

    A commercial concentrate guarantees its cobalt content, letting a manufacturer measure it into a premix. That is its manufacturing job, even though extra cobalt has no demonstrated nutritional benefit for dogs.5,8

  2. 02

    Fits premix production

    The supplier sells it in 25 kg bags for feed manufacturers. A concentrated ingredient lets them weigh small portions into mineral premixes used across batches.8

  3. 03

    Supports chelate marketing

    The proteinate name identifies a bound mineral form. Results for other chelated minerals do not show that cobalt proteinate gives dogs an absorption or health advantage.2,6

How much One supplier guarantees 10% cobalt in its concentrate but publishes no inclusion rate for finished dog food.8

Our read // The claims

What the evidence supports

Strong: controlled studies in dogs agree. Some: small or mixed dog data. Thin: mechanism or lab work only. None: nothing, or the evidence points the other way.

  1. Brands say

    Cobalt proteinate supplies cobalt

    Evidence

    1. Strong
    2. Some
    3. Thin
    4. None

    A commercial cobalt proteinate label guarantees at least 10% cobalt in the concentrate. The claim correctly identifies what the ingredient supplies; it does not show that adding cobalt benefits a dog.8

  2. Brands say

    Chelated cobalt absorbs better than cobalt salts

    Outruns the evidence

    Evidence

    1. Strong
    2. Some
    3. Thin
    4. None

    No dog trial comparing cobalt proteinate with a cobalt salt was found. In a 12-dog zinc proteinate trial, most zinc markers were unchanged by mineral form. Zinc results cannot prove a cobalt benefit.2

  3. Brands say

    Extra cobalt prevents vitamin B12 deficiency

    Outruns the evidence

    Evidence

    1. Strong
    2. Some
    3. Thin
    4. None

    Dogs absorb vitamin B12 before the gut region where their microbes make it from cobalt. A randomized trial in 46 dogs with low B12 used the vitamin itself to raise blood levels, not cobalt.1,4,5

  4. Brands say

    Extra cobalt boosts energy and blood health

    Outruns the evidence

    Evidence

    1. Strong
    2. Some
    3. Thin
    4. None

    Cobalt is part of vitamin B12, but cobalt proteinate is not a B12 treatment. The 46-dog trial tested B12 supplements, while an expert feed review found no need to add cobalt for animals such as dogs.1,5

Straight answers

What owners ask

  1. Q01

    Is it just filler?

    No

    It is a concentrated trace mineral ingredient added for cobalt, not bulk. Its role in the recipe is clear, although extra cobalt has no demonstrated nutritional benefit for dogs.5,8

  2. Q02

    Is it vitamin B12?

    No

    Vitamin B12 contains cobalt, but cobalt proteinate is a different ingredient. Dogs get usable B12 from food or a B12 supplement; B12 made by their gut microbes appears too late for useful absorption.4,5

  3. Q03

    Does chelated mean better?

    Unproven here

    Binding a mineral to protein changes its form. It does not prove better results in dogs. A 12-dog zinc proteinate study cannot answer whether cobalt proteinate absorbs better or improves health.2,6

  4. Q04

    How much is in my dog's food?

    Label won't say

    The ingredient list ranks ingredients by weight but gives no amount for each one. A supplier's cobalt percentage describes its concentrate, so it cannot tell you how much the food contains.8,9

Who uses it

Brands, best sellers and the company it keeps

Top brands, by foods that list it

  1. Nulo 13
  2. Wellness 11
  3. I and Love and You 5
  4. Solid Gold 4
  5. Canidae 3
  6. Health Extension 2
  7. Bil-Jac 2
  8. Abound 1

Usually listed with, share of the foods that list it

  1. Flaxseed 54%
  2. Guar Gum 46%
  3. Carrots 44%
  4. Chicken 39%
  5. Sweet Potatoes 39%
  6. Peas 37%
  7. Turkey 34%
  8. Chicken Liver 32%
  9. Turkey Liver 29%
  10. Chicken Broth 24%
  11. Whitefish 24%
  12. Lamb 24%

Our read // On the bag

Read it as a premix ingredient

Cobalt proteinate near the end of an ingredient list tells you the maker added a trace mineral concentrate. It does not tell you the food supplies more usable vitamin B12. Check the food's nutritional adequacy statement, and do not pay extra for a cobalt absorption claim.

Sources

What we read

Checked October 1, 2026.

  1. 1 Effect of oral or injectable supplementation with cobalamin in dogs with hypocobalaminemia caused by chronic enteropathy or exocrine pancreatic insufficiency Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2022 // Journal
  2. 2 Effect of Zinc Source and Exogenous Enzymes Supplementation on Zinc Status in Dogs Fed High Phytate Diets Animals, 2020 // Journal
  3. 3 The Pathology of Experimental Cobalt Cardiomyopathy The Bulletin of the Society for Experimental Pathology, 1977 // Journal
  4. 4 Review of cobalamin status and disorders of cobalamin metabolism in dogs Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2020 // Journal
  5. 5 Scientific Opinion on the use of cobalt compounds as additives in animal nutrition EFSA Journal, 2009 // Regulator
  6. 6 Official Names and Definitions of Feed Ingredients AAFCO, 2025 // Regulator
  7. 7 KeyShure Cobalt Proteinate 10% (Balchem) - Equine Nutrition Analysis Mad Barn Feed Bank, n.d. // Database
  8. 8 KeyShure Cobalt Balchem label hosted by Animalytix, 2026 // Industry
  9. 9 Reading Labels AAFCO, n.d. // Regulator
An ingredient on its own tells you very little. What matters is how much of it there is and where it sits in the list. That is why we weigh the top five rather than reacting to any single name further down. Back to the wiki

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